ProCleanLakes´s ambition is to develop tailored nature-based solutions for the project´s demonstration lakes (Trichonis, Brates, Langvatnet) which, however, will be transferable and scalable for other European natural lakes. As the first step of this activity, we have created a report that maps the existing solutions which can be used for remediation and protection of polluted lakes. This report will facilitate the development of the new solutions in demonstration lakes of ProCleanLake’s project and will become a part of the final Action Plan for restoration and remediation of European natural lakes.

The document is primarily focused on Nature-Based Solutions (NbS). By synthesizing 12 natural lakes as case-studies spread across Europe (Figure 1), it provides actionable insights into successful strategies for safeguarding these vital ecosystems. The work identifies key trends and highlights best practices that can be applied to other lakes facing similar challenges.

Key findings include:

• NbS, such as constructed wetlands and hydrological restoration, have proven effective in improving water quality, enhancing biodiversity, and increasing resilience to climate impacts.
• Case studies, such as the Kis-Balaton Water Protection System for Lake Balaton, illustrate how NbS can address nutrient pollution while supporting broader ecosystem health.
• Role of integrated planning: Holistic, watershed-level approaches are critical for sustainable lake management. Collaborative frameworks, like the EU Water Framework Directive, enable effective transboundary cooperation and stakeholder engagement.
• Diverse challenges and tailored solutions: Lakes across Europe face varied environmental pressures, necessitating context-specific interventions. For instance, invasive species control measures at Lake Banyoles have preserved native biodiversity, while flood-resilient green infrastructure at Lake Vänern addresses climate risks.
• Resilience measures, such as drought-tolerant vegetation and carbon sequestration initiatives, are essential to mitigate climate change impacts. Lakes in vulnerable regions, like the Ebro Delta, provide valuable models for adaptation.

For more detailed information, the document can be read HERE.